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EXPLANATION OF THE VIDEO

Hydrocarbons, fundamental compounds comprised exclusively of carbon and hydrogen, harness the unique bonding capabilities of carbon, which forms robust connections through four strong bonds with other atoms. The primary partner in these bonds is often hydrogen. One class of hydrocarbons, exemplified by butane, falls under the alkane category, characterized by a molecular formula of C4H10, denoting four carbon atoms and ten hydrogen atoms. The structural formula of butane delineates the spatial arrangement of these atoms, highlighting single bonding between carbon atoms, where each carbon shares an electron with another carbon or a hydrogen atom. In adherence to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature system, butane's name succinctly communicates the number of carbon atoms in the molecule and the nature of bonding between them. In contrast, substances like butanol deviate from the hydrocarbon definition, incorporating oxygen alongside carbon and hydrogen elements.